When cholera attacked St. Louis in 1849, over 10% of the population of that city died, as did over half of the individuals who developed acute diarrhoeal illness. When cholera attacked Peru in 1991, over 300,000 people, or 1% of the population, developed clinical manifestations of cholera, but less than 1% of affected individuals died.
The basis for this remarkable development .... is the development of oral rehydration therapy, .... [which] requires only ingredients (sugar and salt) that are available to almost all individuals throughout the world.
Cholera (Plenum; New York, 1992) p. ix.
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